TOPIC 6 - Inheritance, variation and evolution notes

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phenotypes - contrated by genes and mutations the beneficial variations + speciation when phenotype changes so much, now species comes out + extinction + environment changes new predata hills off new disease ning them off - can't compete for food catastrophic event - - why did no-one agree with Darwin?. + against religions beliefs. + he could explain why or now as technology hadn't been developed to improve it + no enough evidence Comarch giraffe man if characteristic is used a let it will be passed on 101 • 102 selective Breeding. + humans select best characteristics and breed for better + examples - mere meat / mich disease resistance. - geed temprament. big flowers_0 + reduces gene pad f inbreeding leads to health problems. - if disease cernes aleng etc. (all dead) IDA ALIQU M Genetic Engineering. transferring desired gene into another organim fo 773 + uses. - O C O genetically produced insulin genetically modifyed crops. gene therapy PPP a * controversies! • not everyone agrees. Long term effects unknown. 1- implanned problems. + GM crops - D Crips can help in poverteus countries as golden rice gives numents that can stop blindness ·ne problems. so far. Cloning + plants - tissue culture. -Cons effect number of wildflowers and umit biodiversity ♥ safety? · genes escape accidentally creating super- weeds + animals plant cells put in growth meaison with hermenes and are clones of parent - cuttings ~ aittings taken from parent plant and are grann embryo transplants ~cag and sperm artificially fertilized emoryo cells split and bust in different methers. 104 + adult cell cloning • Donly the sheep -unfertilised egg with remered nucleus nucleus from adult cell interce in it's place - implanted in wemb + issues reduses gene pool -age related awarders could nep endangered 25 - net as healthy. Fossils + remains of plants and animals + formation gradual replacement by minerals. ~ hard things like teethana bines don't decay easily, eventually replaced by minerus and forms TOCK like Jubstance. cars and impressions. when buried in reft material winte clay, hardens and body decays ~ - preservation in order and far pits there is no aygen to delay microbes don't jurive, also in glaciers as the cold and in peat nogs as too desdic 。 D speciation + development of new species. & Alfred Russel wanace classification. DAL + Woese - archaea * - bacteria ankarjeta Family Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria * bacteria can evoive due to randam mutations + due to quick reproduction it's an issue + MASA superbug and is fatal! + mere commen due to incorrect usage. kinadem A MA Cian M Phylum CO₂ order AA ● Genus species Linnean system - Binsmial rystem (named by genus & species) 105