Proteins are large, complex polymer molecules with diverse biological roles including structural support, catalysis, signaling, and immune function. Structure and function of proteins in biology notes reveal that proteins are composed of amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds. The structure of protein is hierarchical, consisting of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels.
- Primary structure: Linear sequence of amino acids
- Secondary structure: Local folding patterns (alpha helices and beta sheets)
- Tertiary structure: Overall three-dimensional shape
- Quaternary structure: Assembly of multiple polypeptide chains
Essential amino acids are crucial for protein synthesis, while non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body. The function of protein in the body is vast, ranging from enzymatic catalysis to hormone signaling.
