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m_xrwaaaaaaaaaaaa:)
09/09/2025
Biology
Module 6
324
โข
9 Sept 2025
โข
Fun Biology Notes: How Plants and Bodies Respond to Stuff!
m_xrwaaaaaaaaaaaa:)
@m_xrwaaaaaaaa
Plant Tropisms and Mammalian Response Systems
This page continues the discussion on plant tropisms, focusing on root responses and providing evidence for tropism mechanisms.
Example: Positive geotropism in roots occurs when IAA redistributes to the side facing gravity, causing slower growth on that side and bending the root towards gravity.
The page lists several pieces of evidence supporting the role of IAA in tropisms, such as the effects of removing the shoot tip or using chemicals to block IAA movement.
The second half of the page introduces mammalian response systems, highlighting the roles of the nervous and hormonal systems.
Definition: The nervous system coordinates fast, short-acting, and localized responses to stimuli.
The pathway of the nervous system is outlined, from stimulus detection to response execution.
Highlight: Receptors act as transducers, converting stimulus energy into nerve impulses.
Two examples of receptors are introduced: the Pacinian corpuscle and the retina of the eye.
Sensory Receptors: Pacinian Corpuscle and Retina
This page provides detailed information on the structure and function of two important sensory receptors: the Pacinian corpuscle and the retina of the eye.
Definition: The Pacinian corpuscle is a touch receptor found in the skin, fingers, and toes that responds to pressure.
The structure and process of the Pacinian corpuscle's response to pressure are explained, involving the opening of stretch-mediated Na+ channels.
The retina's role in detecting light and generating visual information is described, focusing on the two types of photoreceptor cells: cone cells and rod cells.
Vocabulary:
- Cone cells: Detect high light intensity, produce color images, and provide high visual acuity.
- Rod cells: Can detect low light intensity, produce black and white images, and have low visual acuity.
The properties of cone and rod cells are compared, including their pigments (iodopsin and rhodopsin), light sensitivity, and connections to neural pathways.
Highlight: The arrangement of cone cells allows for high visual acuity, while the convergence of multiple rod cells onto single neurons enables detection of low light intensities through summation.
Module 6: Response to Stimuli Revision Notes
This page introduces the concept of stimuli and why organisms need to respond to them. It covers simple organism responses and plant tropisms.
Definition: A stimulus is a change in the internal or external environment that organisms respond to for survival.
Highlight: Simple organisms respond to stimuli through taxis and kinesis movements.
Plants respond to stimuli through tropisms, which are directional growth responses controlled by the plant growth factor Indoleacetic Acid (IAA), also known as auxin.
Example: Shoots exhibit positive phototropism (growth towards light) and negative geotropism (growth away from gravity), while roots show positive geotropism and positive hydrotropism (growth towards water).
The page explains the mechanism of positive phototropism and negative geotropism in shoots, detailing how IAA redistribution causes differential growth rates on opposite sides of the plant stem.
Vocabulary: IAA - A plant hormone that promotes growth in shoots and inhibits growth in roots.
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4.8/5
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Fun Biology Notes: How Plants and Bodies Respond to Stuff!
m_xrwaaaaaaaaaaaa:)
@m_xrwaaaaaaaa
Response to stimuli is a crucial aspect of biology, involving organisms' reactions to changes in their environment for survival and homeostasis. This summary covers key concepts in plant and animal responses, including tropisms, nervous system function, and sensory receptors.
Plant Tropisms and Mammalian Response Systems
This page continues the discussion on plant tropisms, focusing on root responses and providing evidence for tropism mechanisms.
Example: Positive geotropism in roots occurs when IAA redistributes to the side facing gravity, causing slower growth on that side and bending the root towards gravity.
The page lists several pieces of evidence supporting the role of IAA in tropisms, such as the effects of removing the shoot tip or using chemicals to block IAA movement.
The second half of the page introduces mammalian response systems, highlighting the roles of the nervous and hormonal systems.
Definition: The nervous system coordinates fast, short-acting, and localized responses to stimuli.
The pathway of the nervous system is outlined, from stimulus detection to response execution.
Highlight: Receptors act as transducers, converting stimulus energy into nerve impulses.
Two examples of receptors are introduced: the Pacinian corpuscle and the retina of the eye.
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Sensory Receptors: Pacinian Corpuscle and Retina
This page provides detailed information on the structure and function of two important sensory receptors: the Pacinian corpuscle and the retina of the eye.
Definition: The Pacinian corpuscle is a touch receptor found in the skin, fingers, and toes that responds to pressure.
The structure and process of the Pacinian corpuscle's response to pressure are explained, involving the opening of stretch-mediated Na+ channels.
The retina's role in detecting light and generating visual information is described, focusing on the two types of photoreceptor cells: cone cells and rod cells.
Vocabulary:
- Cone cells: Detect high light intensity, produce color images, and provide high visual acuity.
- Rod cells: Can detect low light intensity, produce black and white images, and have low visual acuity.
The properties of cone and rod cells are compared, including their pigments (iodopsin and rhodopsin), light sensitivity, and connections to neural pathways.
Highlight: The arrangement of cone cells allows for high visual acuity, while the convergence of multiple rod cells onto single neurons enables detection of low light intensities through summation.
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Access to all documents
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Join milions of students
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Module 6: Response to Stimuli Revision Notes
This page introduces the concept of stimuli and why organisms need to respond to them. It covers simple organism responses and plant tropisms.
Definition: A stimulus is a change in the internal or external environment that organisms respond to for survival.
Highlight: Simple organisms respond to stimuli through taxis and kinesis movements.
Plants respond to stimuli through tropisms, which are directional growth responses controlled by the plant growth factor Indoleacetic Acid (IAA), also known as auxin.
Example: Shoots exhibit positive phototropism (growth towards light) and negative geotropism (growth away from gravity), while roots show positive geotropism and positive hydrotropism (growth towards water).
The page explains the mechanism of positive phototropism and negative geotropism in shoots, detailing how IAA redistribution causes differential growth rates on opposite sides of the plant stem.
Vocabulary: IAA - A plant hormone that promotes growth in shoots and inhibits growth in roots.
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We thought youโd never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
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4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user