Functional Anatomy - The Muscular Stystem

Alternative transcript:

against friction Blood vessel Muscle fiber Fascicle - one bundle of muscle fibres (10 - 100 fibres) Fascicle Endomysium Endomysium- fibrous connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fibre which acts as an insulator Muscular system Deltoid Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis brachialis Brachioradialis Gluteus medius Pectineus Tensor fasciae latae- Rectus femoris Iliotibial band Gastrocnemius Extensor longus digitorum Extensor hallicus Sternocleidomastoid Teres major Latissimus dorsi Serratus anterior External oblique Rectus abdominis Iliopsoas Adductor longus Gracilis Sartorius Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Peroneus longus Tibialis anterior Muscular system Infraspinatus Teres minor Latissimus dorsi Carpi flexor ulnaris Adductor magnus- Tensor fasciae latae Semitendinosus Iliotibial tract- Plantaris Soleus Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius Deltoid Triceps Brachii External oblique Sacrospinalis Gluteus maximus Semimembranosus Gracilis Semitendinosus Biceps femoris Gastrocnemius Achilles tendon system Biceps brachii Brachioradialis Flexor carpi- radialis Flexor carpi- ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis A Anterior view LIC Triceps brachii Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Flexor carpi ulnaris -Extensor digitorum -Extensor carpi ulnaris B Posterior view Biceps brachii- Supinator- Pronator teres- Pronator quadratus- Axis of movement- Supinated Pronator teres and pronator quadratus contract Pronated Supin biceps cor Muscle Deltoids (Posterior, anterior, posterior) Rotators of the shoulder (Medial and Lateral) Rhomboids Biceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Wrist Flexors Wrist Extensors Forearm Supinator's Forearm Pronators Sternocleidomastoid Pectoralis Major Rectus Abdominals Obliques Transverse Abdominis Iliopsoas Erector Spinae Action Abducts, Flexion and extension of upper arm Medial and lateral rotation of humerus Retract the scapula Flexion of elbow Extension of elbow Flexion of wrist Extension of wrist Supination of forearm Pronation of Pronation of forearm Flexion and abduction of upper arm Flexion and rotator of lumbar region of spine Flex's trunk laterally Provides stability of the spine and pelvis and maintains posture Flex's hip Extends spine Muscle Trapezius Latissimus Doris Erector Spinae Quadriceps (Rectus Femoris Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Intermedius) Gluteals (Maximus, Medius, Minimums) Hamstrings (Bicep Femoris Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus) Tibialis Anterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Action Elevates and depresses scapular Extend and adducts lower arm Extends spine Extends the knee and flexes the hip Extends the thigh Flexes the knee and extends the hip Dorsiflexion of the foot Plantarflexion of foot an flex's the knee Plantarflexion Antagonistic Muscle pairs Muscle Pairs Content Agonist Antagonist Synergist Fixator Muscle that shortens to move a joint - Prime mover / Contracting muscle - Muscle that relaxes in opposite direction - If it did not relax - movement would be unable to take place Muscle that enable the agonist to operate effectively - Work to modify or alter direction of pull to best position - Muscles that stop any unwanted movement by fixing/stabilising joints - Stabilise the origin so the agonist can achieve maximum and effective contraction Planes of movement Transverse Frontal Sagittal