ENZYMES

Alternative transcript:

PH also affects enzymes. If it's too high or too low, the pH interferes with bonds and changes the shape of the active site • All enzymes have an optimum pH that they work best at often neutral pH 7 but not always for example, pepsin is an enzyme used to break down protiens in the stomack. It works best at pH 2 time Enzymes are catalysts produced by living things living things have thousands of different chemical reactions going on inside them all the • reaction need to be carefully controlled - get the right amount of substances ● . ● . ● ● ● Enzymes have special shapes to they can catalyse reactions • chemical reactions usually involve things either being split apart or joined together • Every enzyme has an active site Enzymes usually only catalyse one specific reaction . This is because the substrate has to fit into it's active site. ● ● ENZYMES ● raising the temperature makes a reaction happen more quickly - even unwanted ones too raising the temperature too high in a living creature can damage it's cells living things produce enzymes that act as biological catalysts enzymes are large protiens • All protiens are made up of large chains of amino acids A catalyst is a substance which increases the speed of a reaction If substrate doesn't fit into active site then the reaction won't be catalysed Active site changes shape a little as the substrate binds to it to get a better fit It is called the 'induced fit Enzymes need the right temperature and pH • If remperature is too high some of the bands holding the enzyme together break • Also changes shape of the enzymes active site, so the substrate won't fit anymore • pH also affects enzymes. If it's too high or too low, the pH interferes with bonds and changes the shape of the active site • All enzymes have an optimum pH that they work best at often neutral pH 7 but not always for example, pepsin is an enzyme used to break down protiens in the stomack. It works best at pH 2 time