Diffusion

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diffusion ↳all Particles are in motion due to kinetic energy 2) motion is random - no set pattern 4 Particles constantly bouncing off one another as well as off other objects (colliding) 4 diffusion is passive (energy from natural motion of particles) L> cell surface membranes are partially permeable DIFFUSION The net movement of molecules or ions from a region where they are in higher concentration to one where they are in lower concentration, until evenly distributed. What can diffuse? →lipid soluble →non-polar (no charge) Is very pol →O₂ CO₂ (as long as there is a concentration gradient) ● Factors that increase rate of diffusion: higher difference in concentration gradient 4 higher temperature ↳ larger surface area 2 smaller molecule or ion 4 shorter distance for diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Lallows water-soluble, charged ions and Polar molecules across plasma membrane eg. glucose ↳ hydrophobic nature of fatty acid tails prevent these molecules from crossing 4 Protein channels and carrier proteins allow these molecules to cross the membrane →Passive Process → occurs down concentration gradient → relies on kinetic energy of molecules occurs at specific points on plasma membrane → transmembrane channels PROTEIN CHANNELS ↳ proteins form water-filled, hydrophilic channels across the membrane 4) allow specific water-soluble ions to pass through ↳ channels are selective and open in presence. of a specific ion ↳remains closed if particular ion not present Lions bind with the protein, cause it to close one side of membrane and open the other CARRIER PROTEINS 4 proteins that...

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