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11 Dec 2025

15 pages

GCSE Science Biology B1 Notes for CCEA Double Award

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Advaith Reji

@ar602

Ever wonder how the tiny cells in your body work,... Show more

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# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Using Microscopes and Making Cell Slides

Your microscope is basically your window into the invisible world of cells. To calculate the total magnification, simply multiply the eyepiece magnification by the objective lens magnification - dead simple maths that might come up in your exam.

Making a proper slide takes a bit of practice, but it's worth getting right. Start by cutting an onion and using forceps to peel off a thin layer from the inside surface. Pop this onto your microscope slide and spread it out nicely.

Next, add a drop of iodine using a pipette - this stains the cells and makes important bits like the nucleus stand out clearly. Finally, lower your cover slip carefully from one end to avoid trapping air bubbles, which will mess up your view.

Top tip: Always lower the cover slip from one side rather than dropping it flat - this prevents those annoying air bubbles that ruin your specimen!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Plant vs Animal Cells - What's the Difference?

Both plant and animal cells share some basic parts, but plants have a few extra features that make them special. Every cell has a cell membrane (controls what goes in and out), cytoplasm (where chemical reactions happen), a nucleus (the control centre with DNA), and mitochondria (powerhouses for respiration).

Plant cells get three bonus features that animal cells don't have. The cellulose cell wall provides rigid support, chloroplasts contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis, and a large vacuole stores water and minerals whilst providing structure.

Remember MRS GREN for the seven life processes: Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, and Nutrition. This acronym is your best friend for remembering what makes something alive.

Remember: If you can see a cell wall, chloroplasts, or a big vacuole, you're definitely looking at a plant cell!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Bacteria, Tissues, and Plant Organisation

Bacteria cells are completely different from plant and animal cells - they're much simpler. They have a cell membrane and cell wall (but not cellulose), plus their DNA floats freely as a circular chromosome rather than being tucked away in a nucleus.

The organisation of living things follows a clear pattern: cells → tissues → organs → organ systems. Cells with the same job group together to form tissues, different tissues combine to make organs, and organs work together in systems.

Photosynthesis is how plants make their own food using light energy - it's an endothermic process because it needs energy input. The word equation is simple: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen (with light and chlorophyll needed).

Key fact: Photosynthesis happens in chloroplasts, where chlorophyll absorbs light energy to power the whole process.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

How Photosynthesis Actually Works

The balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. Don't panic about memorising this - focus on understanding what's happening instead.

Carbon dioxide enters leaves through tiny pores called stomata (only 0.04% of air is CO₂, so plants work hard to collect it). Water travels up from the roots through xylem vessels, whilst phloem transports the sugars made during photosynthesis to wherever the plant needs them.

Testing for starch proves photosynthesis has occurred. First, destarch your plant by keeping it in darkness for two days. Then: boil the leaf, dip it in hot ethanol to remove chlorophyll, soften it in hot water again, and add iodine. If starch is present, the iodine turns from yellow-brown to blue-black.

Safety reminder: Always wear eye protection when using ethanol - it's flammable and can damage your eyes.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Investigating What Plants Need for Photosynthesis

You can prove plants need light for photosynthesis by covering part of a leaf with lightproof paper, leaving it in bright light for hours, then testing for starch. Only the uncovered bits will test positive for starch.

To show plants need chlorophyll, use a variegated plant (one with green and white patches). After destarching and exposing to light, only the green parts will test positive for starch because they contain chlorophyll.

For the carbon dioxide experiment, you'll need two setups: one with sodium hydroxide (which removes CO₂ from the air) and a control with just water. The leaf deprived of CO₂ won't produce starch, proving it's essential for photosynthesis.

Remember: Always destarch your plants first - otherwise you can't be sure any starch you find was made during your experiment!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Limiting Factors in Photosynthesis

A limiting factor is whatever's in shortest supply that's holding back the rate of photosynthesis. Think of it like the narrowest part of a funnel - it controls how fast everything else can flow.

Light intensity can be controlled by moving a lamp closer or further from your plant. As light intensity increases, photosynthesis speeds up - until something else becomes the limiting factor.

Carbon dioxide concentration can be increased by adding sodium hydrogen carbonate to water. Again, more CO₂ means faster photosynthesis, but only up to a point where temperature or light becomes limiting instead.

Understanding check: The rate of photosynthesis is always controlled by whichever factor is in shortest supply - never by the most abundant one.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Temperature Effects and Gas Exchange

Temperature affects photosynthesis because enzymes are involved. As temperature rises, enzymes work faster and photosynthesis speeds up. But if it gets too hot, enzymes become denatured (permanently damaged) and the rate crashes.

Gas exchange changes throughout the day. At night, with no photosynthesis happening, plants only respire - so CO₂ enters and O₂ leaves. During bright daylight, photosynthesis outpaces respiration, so CO₂ enters and O₂ leaves overall.

The compensation point occurs at dawn and dusk when photosynthesis and respiration rates are equal. At this point, there's no net gas exchange because the two processes cancel each other out perfectly.

Key insight: Plants respire 24/7 just like us, but they only photosynthesise when there's enough light available.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Leaf Structure and Adaptations

Leaf structure is perfectly designed for photosynthesis. The waxy cuticle prevents water loss but stays transparent for light. The upper epidermis has no chloroplasts, allowing light to pass through to the working cells below.

Palisade mesophyll cells are packed with chloroplasts and arranged near the top surface for maximum light absorption. Below them, spongy mesophyll has fewer chloroplasts but loads of air spaces for gas exchange.

Stomata (controlled by guard cells) allow gases in and out. In most plants, these stay open during the day for photosynthesis and close at night to prevent water loss when photosynthesis isn't happening.

Design perfection: Every part of a leaf's structure has evolved to maximise either light absorption or gas exchange - nothing is there by accident!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Gas Exchange and Food Tests

Gas exchange works brilliantly because of the spongy mesophyll's air spaces and the stomata openings. Most photosynthesis happens in the chloroplast-rich palisade layer, whilst the spongy layer handles the gas movement.

Food tests are essential practical skills you'll definitely need. Benedict's test for sugars goes from blue to brick-red, iodine for starch goes from yellow-brown to blue-black, biuret for proteins goes from blue to purple, and the ethanol test for fats produces a white emulsion.

Each leaf adaptation serves a specific purpose: transparent epidermis lets light through, waxy cuticle reduces water loss, packed palisade cells maximise photosynthesis, and stomata with guard cells control gas exchange perfectly.

Exam tip: Learn the colour changes for food tests - they come up constantly in practical questions and are easy marks if you know them!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv


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Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

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Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

 

Biology

70

11 Dec 2025

15 pages

GCSE Science Biology B1 Notes for CCEA Double Award

user profile picture

Advaith Reji

@ar602

Ever wonder how the tiny cells in your body work, or how plants make their own food? This biology revision guide covers everything from using microscopes to examine cells, to understanding how photosynthesis keeps plants (and us) alive. You'll also... Show more

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

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Using Microscopes and Making Cell Slides

Your microscope is basically your window into the invisible world of cells. To calculate the total magnification, simply multiply the eyepiece magnification by the objective lens magnification - dead simple maths that might come up in your exam.

Making a proper slide takes a bit of practice, but it's worth getting right. Start by cutting an onion and using forceps to peel off a thin layer from the inside surface. Pop this onto your microscope slide and spread it out nicely.

Next, add a drop of iodine using a pipette - this stains the cells and makes important bits like the nucleus stand out clearly. Finally, lower your cover slip carefully from one end to avoid trapping air bubbles, which will mess up your view.

Top tip: Always lower the cover slip from one side rather than dropping it flat - this prevents those annoying air bubbles that ruin your specimen!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

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Improve your grades

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By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Plant vs Animal Cells - What's the Difference?

Both plant and animal cells share some basic parts, but plants have a few extra features that make them special. Every cell has a cell membrane (controls what goes in and out), cytoplasm (where chemical reactions happen), a nucleus (the control centre with DNA), and mitochondria (powerhouses for respiration).

Plant cells get three bonus features that animal cells don't have. The cellulose cell wall provides rigid support, chloroplasts contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis, and a large vacuole stores water and minerals whilst providing structure.

Remember MRS GREN for the seven life processes: Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, and Nutrition. This acronym is your best friend for remembering what makes something alive.

Remember: If you can see a cell wall, chloroplasts, or a big vacuole, you're definitely looking at a plant cell!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

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Bacteria, Tissues, and Plant Organisation

Bacteria cells are completely different from plant and animal cells - they're much simpler. They have a cell membrane and cell wall (but not cellulose), plus their DNA floats freely as a circular chromosome rather than being tucked away in a nucleus.

The organisation of living things follows a clear pattern: cells → tissues → organs → organ systems. Cells with the same job group together to form tissues, different tissues combine to make organs, and organs work together in systems.

Photosynthesis is how plants make their own food using light energy - it's an endothermic process because it needs energy input. The word equation is simple: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen (with light and chlorophyll needed).

Key fact: Photosynthesis happens in chloroplasts, where chlorophyll absorbs light energy to power the whole process.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

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How Photosynthesis Actually Works

The balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. Don't panic about memorising this - focus on understanding what's happening instead.

Carbon dioxide enters leaves through tiny pores called stomata (only 0.04% of air is CO₂, so plants work hard to collect it). Water travels up from the roots through xylem vessels, whilst phloem transports the sugars made during photosynthesis to wherever the plant needs them.

Testing for starch proves photosynthesis has occurred. First, destarch your plant by keeping it in darkness for two days. Then: boil the leaf, dip it in hot ethanol to remove chlorophyll, soften it in hot water again, and add iodine. If starch is present, the iodine turns from yellow-brown to blue-black.

Safety reminder: Always wear eye protection when using ethanol - it's flammable and can damage your eyes.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

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By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Investigating What Plants Need for Photosynthesis

You can prove plants need light for photosynthesis by covering part of a leaf with lightproof paper, leaving it in bright light for hours, then testing for starch. Only the uncovered bits will test positive for starch.

To show plants need chlorophyll, use a variegated plant (one with green and white patches). After destarching and exposing to light, only the green parts will test positive for starch because they contain chlorophyll.

For the carbon dioxide experiment, you'll need two setups: one with sodium hydroxide (which removes CO₂ from the air) and a control with just water. The leaf deprived of CO₂ won't produce starch, proving it's essential for photosynthesis.

Remember: Always destarch your plants first - otherwise you can't be sure any starch you find was made during your experiment!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Limiting Factors in Photosynthesis

A limiting factor is whatever's in shortest supply that's holding back the rate of photosynthesis. Think of it like the narrowest part of a funnel - it controls how fast everything else can flow.

Light intensity can be controlled by moving a lamp closer or further from your plant. As light intensity increases, photosynthesis speeds up - until something else becomes the limiting factor.

Carbon dioxide concentration can be increased by adding sodium hydrogen carbonate to water. Again, more CO₂ means faster photosynthesis, but only up to a point where temperature or light becomes limiting instead.

Understanding check: The rate of photosynthesis is always controlled by whichever factor is in shortest supply - never by the most abundant one.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Temperature Effects and Gas Exchange

Temperature affects photosynthesis because enzymes are involved. As temperature rises, enzymes work faster and photosynthesis speeds up. But if it gets too hot, enzymes become denatured (permanently damaged) and the rate crashes.

Gas exchange changes throughout the day. At night, with no photosynthesis happening, plants only respire - so CO₂ enters and O₂ leaves. During bright daylight, photosynthesis outpaces respiration, so CO₂ enters and O₂ leaves overall.

The compensation point occurs at dawn and dusk when photosynthesis and respiration rates are equal. At this point, there's no net gas exchange because the two processes cancel each other out perfectly.

Key insight: Plants respire 24/7 just like us, but they only photosynthesise when there's enough light available.

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Leaf Structure and Adaptations

Leaf structure is perfectly designed for photosynthesis. The waxy cuticle prevents water loss but stays transparent for light. The upper epidermis has no chloroplasts, allowing light to pass through to the working cells below.

Palisade mesophyll cells are packed with chloroplasts and arranged near the top surface for maximum light absorption. Below them, spongy mesophyll has fewer chloroplasts but loads of air spaces for gas exchange.

Stomata (controlled by guard cells) allow gases in and out. In most plants, these stay open during the day for photosynthesis and close at night to prevent water loss when photosynthesis isn't happening.

Design perfection: Every part of a leaf's structure has evolved to maximise either light absorption or gas exchange - nothing is there by accident!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Gas Exchange and Food Tests

Gas exchange works brilliantly because of the spongy mesophyll's air spaces and the stomata openings. Most photosynthesis happens in the chloroplast-rich palisade layer, whilst the spongy layer handles the gas movement.

Food tests are essential practical skills you'll definitely need. Benedict's test for sugars goes from blue to brick-red, iodine for starch goes from yellow-brown to blue-black, biuret for proteins goes from blue to purple, and the ethanol test for fats produces a white emulsion.

Each leaf adaptation serves a specific purpose: transparent epidermis lets light through, waxy cuticle reduces water loss, packed palisade cells maximise photosynthesis, and stomata with guard cells control gas exchange perfectly.

Exam tip: Learn the colour changes for food tests - they come up constantly in practical questions and are easy marks if you know them!

# Biology Revision

Cells

Microscopy

eye piere

Objective tense total magnification is:
exepiece magnification x magnification of
Objectiv

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

We thought you’d never ask...

What is the Knowunity AI companion?

Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.

Where can I download the Knowunity app?

You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.

Is Knowunity really free of charge?

That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.

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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

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Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user