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GCSE AQA Biology: Communicable & Non-Communicable Diseases, Pathogens Notes PDF

user profile picture

katie

@katiehumphreys

Communicable Diseases in GCSE Biology: Key Concepts and Pathogens

This... Show more

Communicable vs non-communicable Salmonella Gonorrhoea communicable can be spread person, to person (via pathogens) eg. Measies non-communic

Body Defenses, Medical Treatments, and Plant Diseases

This section delves into the body's defense mechanisms against pathogens, medical treatments for communicable diseases, and plant diseases.

The body's defenses against pathogens include:

  1. Non-specific defenses: Skin: Produces sebum which kills bacteria Nose: Hair and mucus trap pathogens Trachea and bronchi: Cilia waft mucus upwards to be swallowed Stomach: Contains hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens
  2. Immune system: White blood cells detect and destroy pathogens Antibodies are protein molecules that stick to pathogens, triggering their destruction Antitoxins neutralize toxins produced by pathogens

Vocabulary: Antibodies are protein molecules produced by white blood cells to fight specific pathogens.

Medical treatments for communicable diseases include:

  1. Antibiotics: Medicines that cure bacterial diseases by killing infective bacteria.
  2. Painkillers: Treat symptoms of diseases but don't kill pathogens.
  3. Monoclonal antibodies: Used in pregnancy tests, measuring hormones in blood, and detecting pathogens.

Example: Penicillin, derived from the Penicillium mold, is a widely used antibiotic.

The section also covers plant diseases, which can be detected by:

  • Stunted growth
  • Spots on leaves
  • Areas of decay
  • Presence of pests
  • Discoloration

Plant defenses against diseases and pests include:

  • Physical defenses: Cellulose cell walls, tough waxy cuticles
  • Chemical defenses: Antibacterial chemicals, poisons to deter herbivores
  • Mechanical defenses: Thorns, hairs, drooping leaves

Highlight: Understanding plant diseases and defenses is crucial for GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases past papers.

This comprehensive overview of communicable diseases, body defenses, and medical treatments provides essential knowledge for GCSE Biology communicable diseases exam questions and GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases answers.

Communicable vs non-communicable Salmonella Gonorrhoea communicable can be spread person, to person (via pathogens) eg. Measies non-communic

Communicable vs Non-Communicable Diseases and Pathogens

This section introduces the key differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases, as well as the main types of pathogens that cause infectious diseases.

Definition: Communicable diseases are those that can be spread from person to person via pathogens, while non-communicable diseases cannot be transmitted between individuals.

Example: Measles is an example of a communicable disease, while coronary heart disease is non-communicable.

The spread of communicable diseases can be reduced through simple hygiene practices like hand washing, destroying disease vectors, and isolating infected individuals. People at risk may also be vaccinated.

Vocabulary: Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious diseases. They can spread through direct contact, water, or vectors.

The main types of pathogens covered in GCSE Biology communicable diseases include:

  1. Bacteria: These can be killed by antibiotics. Once inside the body, they reproduce rapidly and release toxins that damage tissue, making us feel ill.
  2. Viruses: These only reproduce inside host cells, causing the cells to burst and die. Examples include measles and HIV.

Highlight: Understanding the different types of pathogens is crucial for GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases questions and answers.

The section also covers specific diseases:

  • Measles: Causes fever and red skin rash, can be fatal. Children are typically vaccinated.
  • Salmonella: Causes food poisoning, leading to fever, abdominal cramps, and vomiting.
  • HIV: Initially flu-like symptoms, can progress to AIDS if not controlled by antiretroviral drugs.
  • Gonorrhea: A sexually transmitted disease causing thick green discharge and pain when urinating.
  • Malaria: Transmitted by mosquitoes, causes recurrent fever and can be fatal.

Quote: "HIV damages the immune system so badly, it can no longer deal with infections or cancers."

This information is essential for answering GCSE Biology communicable diseases exam questions.



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Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

Subjects

Biology

Infection and response

Communicable diseases

Pathogens

 

Biology

•

290

•

26 Apr 2023

•

2 pages

GCSE AQA Biology: Communicable & Non-Communicable Diseases, Pathogens Notes PDF

user profile picture

katie

@katiehumphreys

Communicable Diseases in GCSE Biology: Key Concepts and Pathogens

This guide covers essential topics in communicable diseases for GCSE Biology, including:
• Differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases
• Types of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi)
• Common infectious diseases and... Show more

Communicable vs non-communicable Salmonella Gonorrhoea communicable can be spread person, to person (via pathogens) eg. Measies non-communic

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Body Defenses, Medical Treatments, and Plant Diseases

This section delves into the body's defense mechanisms against pathogens, medical treatments for communicable diseases, and plant diseases.

The body's defenses against pathogens include:

  1. Non-specific defenses: Skin: Produces sebum which kills bacteria Nose: Hair and mucus trap pathogens Trachea and bronchi: Cilia waft mucus upwards to be swallowed Stomach: Contains hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens
  2. Immune system: White blood cells detect and destroy pathogens Antibodies are protein molecules that stick to pathogens, triggering their destruction Antitoxins neutralize toxins produced by pathogens

Vocabulary: Antibodies are protein molecules produced by white blood cells to fight specific pathogens.

Medical treatments for communicable diseases include:

  1. Antibiotics: Medicines that cure bacterial diseases by killing infective bacteria.
  2. Painkillers: Treat symptoms of diseases but don't kill pathogens.
  3. Monoclonal antibodies: Used in pregnancy tests, measuring hormones in blood, and detecting pathogens.

Example: Penicillin, derived from the Penicillium mold, is a widely used antibiotic.

The section also covers plant diseases, which can be detected by:

  • Stunted growth
  • Spots on leaves
  • Areas of decay
  • Presence of pests
  • Discoloration

Plant defenses against diseases and pests include:

  • Physical defenses: Cellulose cell walls, tough waxy cuticles
  • Chemical defenses: Antibacterial chemicals, poisons to deter herbivores
  • Mechanical defenses: Thorns, hairs, drooping leaves

Highlight: Understanding plant diseases and defenses is crucial for GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases past papers.

This comprehensive overview of communicable diseases, body defenses, and medical treatments provides essential knowledge for GCSE Biology communicable diseases exam questions and GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases answers.

Communicable vs non-communicable Salmonella Gonorrhoea communicable can be spread person, to person (via pathogens) eg. Measies non-communic

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Communicable vs Non-Communicable Diseases and Pathogens

This section introduces the key differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases, as well as the main types of pathogens that cause infectious diseases.

Definition: Communicable diseases are those that can be spread from person to person via pathogens, while non-communicable diseases cannot be transmitted between individuals.

Example: Measles is an example of a communicable disease, while coronary heart disease is non-communicable.

The spread of communicable diseases can be reduced through simple hygiene practices like hand washing, destroying disease vectors, and isolating infected individuals. People at risk may also be vaccinated.

Vocabulary: Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious diseases. They can spread through direct contact, water, or vectors.

The main types of pathogens covered in GCSE Biology communicable diseases include:

  1. Bacteria: These can be killed by antibiotics. Once inside the body, they reproduce rapidly and release toxins that damage tissue, making us feel ill.
  2. Viruses: These only reproduce inside host cells, causing the cells to burst and die. Examples include measles and HIV.

Highlight: Understanding the different types of pathogens is crucial for GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases questions and answers.

The section also covers specific diseases:

  • Measles: Causes fever and red skin rash, can be fatal. Children are typically vaccinated.
  • Salmonella: Causes food poisoning, leading to fever, abdominal cramps, and vomiting.
  • HIV: Initially flu-like symptoms, can progress to AIDS if not controlled by antiretroviral drugs.
  • Gonorrhea: A sexually transmitted disease causing thick green discharge and pain when urinating.
  • Malaria: Transmitted by mosquitoes, causes recurrent fever and can be fatal.

Quote: "HIV damages the immune system so badly, it can no longer deal with infections or cancers."

This information is essential for answering GCSE Biology communicable diseases exam questions.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.9/5

App Store

4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user