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GCSE AQA Biology: Communicable & Non-Communicable Diseases, Pathogens Notes PDF

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katie

26/04/2023

Biology

B3-Infection and Response

GCSE AQA Biology: Communicable & Non-Communicable Diseases, Pathogens Notes PDF

Communicable Diseases in GCSE Biology: Key Concepts and Pathogens

This guide covers essential topics in communicable diseases for GCSE Biology, including:
• Differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases
• Types of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi)
• Common infectious diseases and their transmission
• The body's defense mechanisms against pathogens
• Medical treatments like antibiotics and vaccines
• Plant diseases and defenses

...

26/04/2023

290

Communicable vs non-communicable Salmonella Gonorrhoea
communicable
can be spread person, to
person (via pathogens)
eg. Measies
non-communic

View

Body Defenses, Medical Treatments, and Plant Diseases

This section delves into the body's defense mechanisms against pathogens, medical treatments for communicable diseases, and plant diseases.

The body's defenses against pathogens include:

  1. Non-specific defenses:

    • Skin: Produces sebum which kills bacteria
    • Nose: Hair and mucus trap pathogens
    • Trachea and bronchi: Cilia waft mucus upwards to be swallowed
    • Stomach: Contains hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens
  2. Immune system:

    • White blood cells detect and destroy pathogens
    • Antibodies are protein molecules that stick to pathogens, triggering their destruction
    • Antitoxins neutralize toxins produced by pathogens

Vocabulary: Antibodies are protein molecules produced by white blood cells to fight specific pathogens.

Medical treatments for communicable diseases include:

  1. Antibiotics: Medicines that cure bacterial diseases by killing infective bacteria.
  2. Painkillers: Treat symptoms of diseases but don't kill pathogens.
  3. Monoclonal antibodies: Used in pregnancy tests, measuring hormones in blood, and detecting pathogens.

Example: Penicillin, derived from the Penicillium mold, is a widely used antibiotic.

The section also covers plant diseases, which can be detected by:

  • Stunted growth
  • Spots on leaves
  • Areas of decay
  • Presence of pests
  • Discoloration

Plant defenses against diseases and pests include:

  • Physical defenses: Cellulose cell walls, tough waxy cuticles
  • Chemical defenses: Antibacterial chemicals, poisons to deter herbivores
  • Mechanical defenses: Thorns, hairs, drooping leaves

Highlight: Understanding plant diseases and defenses is crucial for GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases past papers.

This comprehensive overview of communicable diseases, body defenses, and medical treatments provides essential knowledge for GCSE Biology communicable diseases exam questions and GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases answers.

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GCSE AQA Biology: Communicable & Non-Communicable Diseases, Pathogens Notes PDF

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katie

@katiehumphreys

Communicable Diseases in GCSE Biology: Key Concepts and Pathogens

This guide covers essential topics in communicable diseases for GCSE Biology, including:
• Differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases
• Types of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi)
• Common infectious diseases and... Show more

Communicable vs non-communicable Salmonella Gonorrhoea
communicable
can be spread person, to
person (via pathogens)
eg. Measies
non-communic

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Body Defenses, Medical Treatments, and Plant Diseases

This section delves into the body's defense mechanisms against pathogens, medical treatments for communicable diseases, and plant diseases.

The body's defenses against pathogens include:

  1. Non-specific defenses:

    • Skin: Produces sebum which kills bacteria
    • Nose: Hair and mucus trap pathogens
    • Trachea and bronchi: Cilia waft mucus upwards to be swallowed
    • Stomach: Contains hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens
  2. Immune system:

    • White blood cells detect and destroy pathogens
    • Antibodies are protein molecules that stick to pathogens, triggering their destruction
    • Antitoxins neutralize toxins produced by pathogens

Vocabulary: Antibodies are protein molecules produced by white blood cells to fight specific pathogens.

Medical treatments for communicable diseases include:

  1. Antibiotics: Medicines that cure bacterial diseases by killing infective bacteria.
  2. Painkillers: Treat symptoms of diseases but don't kill pathogens.
  3. Monoclonal antibodies: Used in pregnancy tests, measuring hormones in blood, and detecting pathogens.

Example: Penicillin, derived from the Penicillium mold, is a widely used antibiotic.

The section also covers plant diseases, which can be detected by:

  • Stunted growth
  • Spots on leaves
  • Areas of decay
  • Presence of pests
  • Discoloration

Plant defenses against diseases and pests include:

  • Physical defenses: Cellulose cell walls, tough waxy cuticles
  • Chemical defenses: Antibacterial chemicals, poisons to deter herbivores
  • Mechanical defenses: Thorns, hairs, drooping leaves

Highlight: Understanding plant diseases and defenses is crucial for GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases past papers.

This comprehensive overview of communicable diseases, body defenses, and medical treatments provides essential knowledge for GCSE Biology communicable diseases exam questions and GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases answers.

Communicable vs non-communicable Salmonella Gonorrhoea
communicable
can be spread person, to
person (via pathogens)
eg. Measies
non-communic

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Communicable vs Non-Communicable Diseases and Pathogens

This section introduces the key differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases, as well as the main types of pathogens that cause infectious diseases.

Definition: Communicable diseases are those that can be spread from person to person via pathogens, while non-communicable diseases cannot be transmitted between individuals.

Example: Measles is an example of a communicable disease, while coronary heart disease is non-communicable.

The spread of communicable diseases can be reduced through simple hygiene practices like hand washing, destroying disease vectors, and isolating infected individuals. People at risk may also be vaccinated.

Vocabulary: Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious diseases. They can spread through direct contact, water, or vectors.

The main types of pathogens covered in GCSE Biology communicable diseases include:

  1. Bacteria: These can be killed by antibiotics. Once inside the body, they reproduce rapidly and release toxins that damage tissue, making us feel ill.

  2. Viruses: These only reproduce inside host cells, causing the cells to burst and die. Examples include measles and HIV.

Highlight: Understanding the different types of pathogens is crucial for GCSE AQA Biology communicable diseases questions and answers.

The section also covers specific diseases:

  • Measles: Causes fever and red skin rash, can be fatal. Children are typically vaccinated.
  • Salmonella: Causes food poisoning, leading to fever, abdominal cramps, and vomiting.
  • HIV: Initially flu-like symptoms, can progress to AIDS if not controlled by antiretroviral drugs.
  • Gonorrhea: A sexually transmitted disease causing thick green discharge and pain when urinating.
  • Malaria: Transmitted by mosquitoes, causes recurrent fever and can be fatal.

Quote: "HIV damages the immune system so badly, it can no longer deal with infections or cancers."

This information is essential for answering GCSE Biology communicable diseases exam questions.

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This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

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Sudenaz Ocak

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Greenlight Bonnie

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very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

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