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Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport in Cells - Easy Science Notes for GCSE

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Harry

04/05/2023

Biology

B2: Cell transport

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Transport in cells

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Comparing diffusion, osmosis and active transport

Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport in Cells - Easy Science Notes for GCSE

Diffusion and osmosis in cell transport are crucial processes in biology, particularly for AQA Combined Science students. This summary covers the key concepts of diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, their definitions, energy requirements, and examples. It also explores factors affecting diffusion rates and adaptations for efficient substance exchange in organisms.

  • Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport are three main methods of cell transport.
  • Factors like concentration gradient, temperature, and surface area affect diffusion rates.
  • Organisms have specific adaptations for efficient substance exchange, such as villi in the small intestine and alveoli in lungs.
  • Understanding these processes is essential for GCSE exam questions on cell transport.
...

04/05/2023

970

AQA Combined Science (Trilogy) - Higher B2: Cell transport Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport Definition Movement of particles Energy

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Specific Examples of Adaptations for Substance Exchange

This page delves into specific examples of adaptations for efficient substance exchange in different biological structures.

Villi in the Small Intestine (Absorbing Nutrients)

Villi are adapted for efficient nutrient absorption with:

  • A network of capillaries
  • Large surface area due to folding
  • Thin wall onlyonecellthickonly one cell thick
  • Good blood supply

Highlight: These adaptations of villi for absorption significantly increase the efficiency of nutrient uptake in the small intestine.

Alveoli in the Lungs (Gas Exchange)

Alveoli are specialized for gas exchange with:

  • A network of capillaries providing good blood supply
  • Large surface area
  • Moist surface
  • Thin wall onecellthickone cell thick for a short diffusion pathway

Example: The thin, moist walls of alveoli allow for efficient oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between the air and bloodstream.

Fish Gills (Gas Exchange)

Fish gills are adapted for aquatic gas exchange:

  • Made up of stacks of thin filaments
  • Provide a large surface area to increase diffusion
  • Contain a network of capillaries for good blood supply

Vocabulary: Filaments are thin, thread-like structures that increase the surface area of gills.

The page concludes with information about a required practical skill:

Highlight: Students must be able to accurately measure length, mass, and volume to study osmosis in cells, using various tissue examples.

These examples illustrate how different organisms and structures are adapted for efficient substance exchange, a key concept in GCSE Biology and AQA Combined Science.

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Biologie

Membrantransport in der Zelle

Diffusion und Osmose

 

Biology

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970

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4 May 2023

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2 pages

Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport in Cells - Easy Science Notes for GCSE

user profile picture

Harry

@revisewithharry

Diffusion and osmosis in cell transport are crucial processes in biology, particularly for AQA Combined Sciencestudents. This summary covers the key concepts of diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, their definitions, energy requirements, and examples. It also explores factors affecting... Show more

AQA Combined Science (Trilogy) - Higher B2: Cell transport Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport Definition Movement of particles Energy

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Specific Examples of Adaptations for Substance Exchange

This page delves into specific examples of adaptations for efficient substance exchange in different biological structures.

Villi in the Small Intestine (Absorbing Nutrients)

Villi are adapted for efficient nutrient absorption with:

  • A network of capillaries
  • Large surface area due to folding
  • Thin wall onlyonecellthickonly one cell thick
  • Good blood supply

Highlight: These adaptations of villi for absorption significantly increase the efficiency of nutrient uptake in the small intestine.

Alveoli in the Lungs (Gas Exchange)

Alveoli are specialized for gas exchange with:

  • A network of capillaries providing good blood supply
  • Large surface area
  • Moist surface
  • Thin wall onecellthickone cell thick for a short diffusion pathway

Example: The thin, moist walls of alveoli allow for efficient oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between the air and bloodstream.

Fish Gills (Gas Exchange)

Fish gills are adapted for aquatic gas exchange:

  • Made up of stacks of thin filaments
  • Provide a large surface area to increase diffusion
  • Contain a network of capillaries for good blood supply

Vocabulary: Filaments are thin, thread-like structures that increase the surface area of gills.

The page concludes with information about a required practical skill:

Highlight: Students must be able to accurately measure length, mass, and volume to study osmosis in cells, using various tissue examples.

These examples illustrate how different organisms and structures are adapted for efficient substance exchange, a key concept in GCSE Biology and AQA Combined Science.

AQA Combined Science (Trilogy) - Higher B2: Cell transport Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport Definition Movement of particles Energy

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport

This page provides a comprehensive overview of the three main types of cell transport: diffusion, osmosis, and active transport. Each process is defined and explained in terms of particle movement and energy requirements.

Definition: Diffusion is the spreading out of particles resulting in a net movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Example: Oxygen diffuses from the air into the alveoli in the lungs.

Highlight: Diffusion and osmosis are passive processes that do not require energy, while active transport needs energy from respiration.

The page also discusses factors affecting the rate of diffusion:

  1. Difference in concentration: A steeper concentration gradient leads to faster diffusion.
  2. Temperature: Higher temperatures increase the rate of diffusion.
  3. Surface area: Larger surface areas result in faster diffusion rates.

Vocabulary: Concentration gradient refers to the difference in concentration between two areas.

The text explains adaptations for exchanging substances, comparing single-celled and multi-cellular organisms:

Example: Single-celled organisms have a large surface area to volume ratio, allowing efficient molecule transport across cell membranes.

Multi-cellular organisms, with their smaller surface area to volume ratio, require specialized organ systems for effective substance exchange.

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This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

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