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AQA A-Level Biology Microscopy Notes Year 12 PDF - Comparing Microscopes, Light & Electron Microscopes

A Level Biology Microscopy: From History to Modern Techniques

This... Show more

History
Antonie van Leeuwen noek b. 1032
Robert
Microscopy
Hooke 1665 first to discover a ceu.
L> Observed thin slices of cork, describing t

History and Fundamentals of Microscopy

The history of microscopy in biology dates back to the 17th century, with significant contributions from early pioneers. This section covers the fundamental concepts of microscopy and the development of light microscopes.

Highlight: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek b.1632b. 1632 is credited as the inventor of the light microscope, while Robert Hooke 16651665 was the first to discover and describe plant cells.

Definition: Magnification is how much larger a sample appears under the microscope compared to its actual size, while resolving power is the minimum distance at which two objects can be distinguished as separate.

The light microscope, a crucial tool for A Level Biology Microscopy practical work, has several key components:

  • Eyepiece lens
  • Objective lenses 4x,10x,40x,100x4x, 10x, 40x, 100x
  • Stage for slide placement
  • Coarse and fine focus knobs
  • Light source and condenser

Example: The total magnification of a light microscope is calculated by multiplying the eyepiece lens magnification usually10xusually 10x by the objective lens magnification. For instance, using a 40x objective lens results in a total magnification of 400x.

Specimen preparation for light microscopy involves creating thin, stained samples on slides with cover slips to allow light passage and enhance visibility of cellular components.

Vocabulary: Resolution in microscopy refers to the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced objects. For light microscopes, the resolution limit is about 200 nm.

The guide then introduces more advanced microscopy techniques used in A level Biology microscopy revision:

  1. Transmission Electron Microscope TEMTEM: Uses a beam of electrons focused by electromagnets Provides much higher magnification upto1,000,000xup to 1,000,000x and resolution 0.1nm0.1 nm Requires very thin, specially prepared specimens Produces detailed black and white images of cell interiors
  2. Scanning Electron Microscope SEMSEM: Creates 3D surface images of specimens Offers high resolution at magnifications up to 1,100,000x Requires specimens to be coated with dense ions e.g.,golde.g., gold Primarily used in research and specialist laboratories

Highlight: While electron microscopes offer superior magnification and resolution compared to light microscopes, they are more expensive and primarily used in research settings. Light microscopes remain essential for routine A Level Biology Microscopy practical work.

This comprehensive overview of microscopy techniques provides students with the necessary knowledge for A level biology microscopy revision notes and prepares them for questions on Microscopy A level Biology Questions.



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I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโ€™t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโ€™m sure you too will see developments.

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THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜ฒ๐Ÿค‘๐Ÿ’—โœจ๐ŸŽ€๐Ÿ˜ฎ

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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

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Best app on earth! no words because itโ€™s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

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This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโ€™t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโ€™m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜ฒ๐Ÿค‘๐Ÿ’—โœจ๐ŸŽ€๐Ÿ˜ฎ

Elisha

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This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

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AQA A-Level Biology Microscopy Notes Year 12 PDF - Comparing Microscopes, Light & Electron Microscopes

A Level Biology Microscopy: From History to Modern Techniques

This comprehensive guide covers the evolution of microscopy in biology, from early discoveries to advanced electron microscopes used in modern research. It details key concepts like magnification, resolution, and specimen preparation,... Show more

History
Antonie van Leeuwen noek b. 1032
Robert
Microscopy
Hooke 1665 first to discover a ceu.
L> Observed thin slices of cork, describing t

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History and Fundamentals of Microscopy

The history of microscopy in biology dates back to the 17th century, with significant contributions from early pioneers. This section covers the fundamental concepts of microscopy and the development of light microscopes.

Highlight: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek b.1632b. 1632 is credited as the inventor of the light microscope, while Robert Hooke 16651665 was the first to discover and describe plant cells.

Definition: Magnification is how much larger a sample appears under the microscope compared to its actual size, while resolving power is the minimum distance at which two objects can be distinguished as separate.

The light microscope, a crucial tool for A Level Biology Microscopy practical work, has several key components:

  • Eyepiece lens
  • Objective lenses 4x,10x,40x,100x4x, 10x, 40x, 100x
  • Stage for slide placement
  • Coarse and fine focus knobs
  • Light source and condenser

Example: The total magnification of a light microscope is calculated by multiplying the eyepiece lens magnification usually10xusually 10x by the objective lens magnification. For instance, using a 40x objective lens results in a total magnification of 400x.

Specimen preparation for light microscopy involves creating thin, stained samples on slides with cover slips to allow light passage and enhance visibility of cellular components.

Vocabulary: Resolution in microscopy refers to the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced objects. For light microscopes, the resolution limit is about 200 nm.

The guide then introduces more advanced microscopy techniques used in A level Biology microscopy revision:

  1. Transmission Electron Microscope TEMTEM: Uses a beam of electrons focused by electromagnets Provides much higher magnification upto1,000,000xup to 1,000,000x and resolution 0.1nm0.1 nm Requires very thin, specially prepared specimens Produces detailed black and white images of cell interiors
  2. Scanning Electron Microscope SEMSEM: Creates 3D surface images of specimens Offers high resolution at magnifications up to 1,100,000x Requires specimens to be coated with dense ions e.g.,golde.g., gold Primarily used in research and specialist laboratories

Highlight: While electron microscopes offer superior magnification and resolution compared to light microscopes, they are more expensive and primarily used in research settings. Light microscopes remain essential for routine A Level Biology Microscopy practical work.

This comprehensive overview of microscopy techniques provides students with the necessary knowledge for A level biology microscopy revision notes and prepares them for questions on Microscopy A level Biology Questions.

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4.9/5

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4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because itโ€™s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโ€™t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโ€™m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜ฒ๐Ÿค‘๐Ÿ’—โœจ๐ŸŽ€๐Ÿ˜ฎ

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because itโ€™s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโ€™t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโ€™m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ˜ฒ๐Ÿค‘๐Ÿ’—โœจ๐ŸŽ€๐Ÿ˜ฎ

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user