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How Enzymes Work, Cells Compare, and Blood's Journey - AQA Biology Fun!

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How Enzymes Work, Cells Compare, and Blood's Journey - AQA Biology Fun!
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adwita

@adwita_studies

·

177 Followers

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This comprehensive guide covers key topics in AQA Biology Paper 1, focusing on cellular biology, enzymes, the circulatory system, and more. It provides detailed explanations of complex processes and structures, ideal for students aiming for top grades.

  • Compares plant and animal cell organelles
  • Explains mitosis, enzyme function, and blood flow through the heart
  • Covers digestive system processes and intestinal adaptations
  • Discusses factors affecting photosynthesis and oxygen debt
  • Explores how different pathogens cause illness and how vaccines work

15/05/2023

1177

10 Hardest Questions in AQA Biology Paper 1! Grade 7, 8, 9 Booster Revision
compare the functions of organelles in plant and animal cells
bo

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Understanding Mitosis and Enzyme Function

This page delves into the processes of mitosis and enzyme function, both crucial topics for how enzymes work in biology AQA paper 1.

Mitosis: Cell Division Process

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. The process involves several key steps:

  1. Cell growth and DNA replication
  2. Chromosomes align at the cell's equator
  3. Chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles
  4. The cell divides, forming two identical daughter cells

Highlight: Mitosis is essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in organisms.

Enzyme Function

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. The process of enzyme function involves:

  1. The enzyme's active site, which is specific to its substrate
  2. The substrate fitting into the active site (lock and key model)
  3. The enzyme acting on the substrate to either break it apart or build it up
  4. The enzyme releasing the products
  5. The enzyme remaining unchanged, allowing it to be used repeatedly

Vocabulary: Substrate - The molecule that an enzyme acts upon in a chemical reaction.

Understanding enzyme function is crucial for grasping many biological processes, including digestion and cellular respiration.

10 Hardest Questions in AQA Biology Paper 1! Grade 7, 8, 9 Booster Revision
compare the functions of organelles in plant and animal cells
bo

View

Comparing Plant and Animal Cell Organelles

This section focuses on the similarities and differences between plant and animal cell organelles, crucial for understanding how enzymes work in biology AQA paper 1. Both plant and animal cells share common organelles such as nuclei, mitochondria, ribosomes, cell membranes, and cytoplasm. However, plant cells possess additional structures not found in animal cells.

Definition: Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform specific functions.

The nucleus, present in both cell types, holds DNA and controls cellular activities. Mitochondria serve as the powerhouse of the cell, where respiration occurs to release energy. Ribosomes are responsible for protein production, while the cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. The cytoplasm provides a medium for cellular reactions to take place.

Highlight: Plant cells have unique organelles not found in animal cells, including vacuoles, chloroplasts, and cell walls.

Plant cells contain vacuoles, which are spaces within the cell, chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs, and cell walls that provide structural support. These additional structures allow plants to perform functions such as photosynthesis and maintain rigidity, which are not necessary for animal cells.

Example: To compare functions of plant and animal cell organelles, consider how chloroplasts in plant cells enable photosynthesis, a process not found in animal cells.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the #1 education app in five European countries

Knowunity has been named a featured story on Apple and has regularly topped the app store charts in the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

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Knowunity is the #1 education app in five European countries

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iOS User

I love this app so much, I also use it daily. I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a D to an A with it :D

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The app is very simple and well designed. So far I have always found everything I was looking for :D

Lena, iOS user

I love this app ❤️ I actually use it every time I study.

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How Enzymes Work, Cells Compare, and Blood's Journey - AQA Biology Fun!

user profile picture

adwita

@adwita_studies

·

177 Followers

Follow

This comprehensive guide covers key topics in AQA Biology Paper 1, focusing on cellular biology, enzymes, the circulatory system, and more. It provides detailed explanations of complex processes and structures, ideal for students aiming for top grades.

  • Compares plant and animal cell organelles
  • Explains mitosis, enzyme function, and blood flow through the heart
  • Covers digestive system processes and intestinal adaptations
  • Discusses factors affecting photosynthesis and oxygen debt
  • Explores how different pathogens cause illness and how vaccines work

15/05/2023

1177

 

11/9

 

Biology

96

10 Hardest Questions in AQA Biology Paper 1! Grade 7, 8, 9 Booster Revision
compare the functions of organelles in plant and animal cells
bo

Understanding Mitosis and Enzyme Function

This page delves into the processes of mitosis and enzyme function, both crucial topics for how enzymes work in biology AQA paper 1.

Mitosis: Cell Division Process

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. The process involves several key steps:

  1. Cell growth and DNA replication
  2. Chromosomes align at the cell's equator
  3. Chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles
  4. The cell divides, forming two identical daughter cells

Highlight: Mitosis is essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in organisms.

Enzyme Function

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. The process of enzyme function involves:

  1. The enzyme's active site, which is specific to its substrate
  2. The substrate fitting into the active site (lock and key model)
  3. The enzyme acting on the substrate to either break it apart or build it up
  4. The enzyme releasing the products
  5. The enzyme remaining unchanged, allowing it to be used repeatedly

Vocabulary: Substrate - The molecule that an enzyme acts upon in a chemical reaction.

Understanding enzyme function is crucial for grasping many biological processes, including digestion and cellular respiration.

10 Hardest Questions in AQA Biology Paper 1! Grade 7, 8, 9 Booster Revision
compare the functions of organelles in plant and animal cells
bo

Comparing Plant and Animal Cell Organelles

This section focuses on the similarities and differences between plant and animal cell organelles, crucial for understanding how enzymes work in biology AQA paper 1. Both plant and animal cells share common organelles such as nuclei, mitochondria, ribosomes, cell membranes, and cytoplasm. However, plant cells possess additional structures not found in animal cells.

Definition: Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform specific functions.

The nucleus, present in both cell types, holds DNA and controls cellular activities. Mitochondria serve as the powerhouse of the cell, where respiration occurs to release energy. Ribosomes are responsible for protein production, while the cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. The cytoplasm provides a medium for cellular reactions to take place.

Highlight: Plant cells have unique organelles not found in animal cells, including vacuoles, chloroplasts, and cell walls.

Plant cells contain vacuoles, which are spaces within the cell, chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs, and cell walls that provide structural support. These additional structures allow plants to perform functions such as photosynthesis and maintain rigidity, which are not necessary for animal cells.

Example: To compare functions of plant and animal cell organelles, consider how chloroplasts in plant cells enable photosynthesis, a process not found in animal cells.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the #1 education app in five European countries

Knowunity has been named a featured story on Apple and has regularly topped the app store charts in the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the #1 education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average app rating

13 M

Pupils love Knowunity

#1

In education app charts in 12 countries

950 K+

Students have uploaded notes

Still not convinced? See what other students are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much, I also use it daily. I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a D to an A with it :D

Philip, iOS User

The app is very simple and well designed. So far I have always found everything I was looking for :D

Lena, iOS user

I love this app ❤️ I actually use it every time I study.