Subjects

History

2b the wars of the roses, 1450-1499

Part one: the fall of the house of lancaster, 1450-1471

Free PDF: Comprehensive Scottish Wars of Independence Textbook - Learn About Famous Battles and Scottish Freedom

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Free PDF: Comprehensive Scottish Wars of Independence Textbook - Learn About Famous Battles and Scottish Freedom

Molly Hutton

@mollyhutton

141 Followers

The Scottish Wars of Independence (1249-1328) were a pivotal series of conflicts that shaped Scotland's history and national identity. This comprehensive textbook covers the key events, figures, and battles of this tumultuous period.

Explores the causes, major battles, and outcomes of the Scottish Wars of Independence
Examines the roles of key figures like William Wallace, Robert the Bruce, and Edward I
Analyzes the political, social, and military aspects of the conflict
Provides in-depth coverage of famous battles such as Stirling Bridge and Bannockburn
Includes maps, illustrations, and primary source materials to enhance understanding

04/08/2022

250

THE SCOTTISH WARS
OF INDEPENDENCE
1249-1328
Andy MacPhee
RESE
Gal
SQA
Endorsed
NEW
HIGHER
NHH
HISTORY
GIBSON This material has been endorsed

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The Great Cause and the Rise of Edward I

This chapter delves into the events surrounding the Great Cause, the process by which the successor to the Scottish throne was determined following the death of Alexander III. It examines the role of Edward I of England as arbiter in this dispute and how his involvement ultimately led to the outbreak of war.

Key topics covered include:

The competing claims to the Scottish throne
Edward I's role as Lord Paramount of Scotland
The selection of John Balliol as King of Scots
The growing tensions between Scotland and England

Definition: The Great Cause refers to the legal proceedings held from 1291 to 1292 to determine the rightful successor to the Scottish throne.

The chapter also explores Edward I's motivations and his vision for a unified Britain under English rule. It analyzes how his actions during this period set the stage for the conflicts to come.

Example: The Norham Castle conference of 1291, where Edward I demanded recognition as Lord Paramount of Scotland, was a crucial moment in the lead-up to the wars.

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Cover and Front Matter

The cover of this comprehensive textbook on the Scottish Wars of Independence features an illustration of the Battle of Bannockburn, showing the Scottish army appearing over a hill as the English forces flee. A statue of King Robert the Bruce outside Stirling Castle is also depicted.

The book is endorsed by the Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) as supporting their Higher History qualification, though it does not constitute the definitive course guide. It is published by Hodder Gibson and written by Andy MacPhee.

Highlight: This textbook is officially endorsed by the SQA for the Higher History qualification, indicating its alignment with curriculum standards.

The front matter includes important publisher's notes regarding SQA endorsement and course specifications. Readers are advised to check for any syllabus updates, as assessment requirements may change over time.

Definition: The Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) is the executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government responsible for accrediting educational awards.

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Introduction to the Scottish Wars of Independence

This chapter introduces the Scottish Wars of Independence, a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England from 1296 to 1328. The wars began with the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328.

Key topics covered include:

The historical context leading up to the wars
Major figures involved, such as William Wallace and Robert the Bruce
Key battles and their significance
The political and social impact of the conflict on Scotland

Vocabulary: The Scottish Wars of Independence refers to the conflicts between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries, primarily focused on Scotland's struggle to maintain its independence from English rule.

The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding this period in Scottish history and its lasting impact on national identity and Anglo-Scottish relations.

Example: The Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 is often considered the most famous battle of the Scottish Wars of Independence, where Robert the Bruce led Scottish forces to a decisive victory over the English army of Edward II.

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Historical Background

This chapter provides the essential historical context for understanding the events leading up to the Scottish Wars of Independence. It covers the period from 1249 to 1286, focusing on the reign of Alexander III and the subsequent succession crisis.

Key points discussed include:

The reign of Alexander III and its impact on Scottish prosperity
The Maid of Norway and her role in the succession
The involvement of Edward I of England in Scottish affairs
The emergence of competing claimants to the Scottish throne

Highlight: The death of Alexander III in 1286 without a clear heir led to a succession crisis that ultimately paved the way for English intervention in Scottish affairs.

The chapter also explores the political relationships between Scotland, England, and Norway during this period, providing insight into the complex web of alliances and rivalries that would shape the coming conflict.

Quote: "The death of Alexander III was a pivotal moment in Scottish history, marking the end of a golden age and the beginning of a tumultuous period that would reshape the nation."

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The Outbreak of War

This chapter focuses on the events that directly led to the outbreak of the Scottish Wars of Independence in 1296. It examines the increasing tensions between Scotland and England, the actions of John Balliol as King of Scots, and Edward I's invasion of Scotland.

Key points discussed include:

The Franco-Scottish alliance and its implications
John Balliol's resistance to Edward I's demands
The sack of Berwick and the Battle of Dunbar
The deposition of John Balliol and the imposition of English rule

Highlight: The sack of Berwick in 1296 by Edward I's forces was a particularly brutal event that marked the beginning of open warfare between Scotland and England.

The chapter also explores the initial Scottish resistance to English occupation and the emergence of key figures who would play crucial roles in the coming conflict.

Quote: "The invasion of 1296 marked the beginning of what would become known as the Scottish Wars of Independence, a struggle that would define Scotland's national identity for centuries to come."

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William Wallace and the First War of Independence

This chapter focuses on the rise of William Wallace and the first phase of the Scottish Wars of Independence from 1297 to 1305. It examines Wallace's background, his military campaigns, and his role in galvanizing Scottish resistance against English rule.

Key topics covered include:

Wallace's early life and the reasons for his rebellion
The Battle of Stirling Bridge and its significance
Wallace's invasion of northern England
The Battle of Falkirk and its aftermath
Wallace's capture and execution

Vocabulary: Guardian of Scotland was a title given to those who ruled Scotland during the absence of a rightful monarch. William Wallace held this title from 1297 to 1298.

The chapter also explores the broader context of Scottish resistance during this period, including the roles played by other Scottish nobles and the challenges faced by the resistance movement.

Example: The Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297 is considered one of Wallace's greatest victories, where a smaller Scottish force defeated a larger English army through tactical brilliance.

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Robert the Bruce and the Second War of Independence

This chapter examines the role of Robert the Bruce in the Scottish Wars of Independence, focusing on the period from 1306 to 1314. It covers Bruce's rise to power, his early struggles, and his eventual success in uniting Scotland against English rule.

Key points discussed include:

Bruce's background and his claim to the Scottish throne
The murder of John Comyn and Bruce's coronation
Bruce's early defeats and his period in hiding
The gradual reconquest of Scotland
The Battle of Bannockburn and its significance

Highlight: The Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 is often considered the most decisive victory in the Scottish Wars of Independence, cementing Robert the Bruce's position as King of Scots.

The chapter also explores the political and military strategies employed by Bruce, as well as the challenges he faced in gaining support from the Scottish nobility and people.

Quote: "Robert the Bruce's perseverance in the face of early setbacks and his eventual triumph at Bannockburn have made him an enduring symbol of Scottish independence and resilience."

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The Aftermath of Bannockburn

This chapter explores the consequences of the Battle of Bannockburn and the subsequent events in the Scottish Wars of Independence from 1314 to 1328. It examines how Scotland consolidated its independence and the continuing conflict with England.

Key topics covered include:

The impact of Bannockburn on Scottish morale and unity
The Declaration of Arbroath and its significance
Scottish raids into northern England
The reign of Edward II and his deposition
The Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton and its terms

Definition: The Declaration of Arbroath (1320) was a diplomatic letter to Pope John XXII that asserted Scotland's status as an independent sovereign state.

The chapter also discusses the broader European context of the conflict, including Scotland's renewed alliance with France and the papacy's role in mediating between Scotland and England.

Example: The Scottish invasion of Ireland in 1315-1318, led by Edward Bruce, was an attempt to open a second front against England and demonstrates the increased confidence of the Scots following Bannockburn.

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Legacy and Historical Significance

This final chapter examines the lasting impact of the Scottish Wars of Independence on Scotland, England, and their relationship. It explores how these events shaped Scottish national identity and influenced subsequent historical developments.

Key points discussed include:

The long-term political consequences for Scotland and England
The impact on Scottish culture and national consciousness
The role of the wars in shaping Anglo-Scottish relations
The portrayal of the wars in literature, art, and popular culture
Modern interpretations and debates surrounding this period

Highlight: The Scottish Wars of Independence played a crucial role in forging a distinct Scottish national identity that persists to this day.

The chapter also considers how the wars have been remembered and commemorated over the centuries, and their continuing relevance in modern Scottish politics and society.

Quote: "The Scottish Wars of Independence remain a pivotal moment in Scottish history, shaping not only the nation's past but also its present and future."

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Subjects

History

2b the wars of the roses, 1450-1499

Part one: the fall of the house of lancaster, 1450-1471

Free PDF: Comprehensive Scottish Wars of Independence Textbook - Learn About Famous Battles and Scottish Freedom

Molly Hutton

@mollyhutton

141 Followers

Explores the causes, major battles, and outcomes of the Scottish Wars of Independence
Examines the roles of key figures like William Wallace, Robert the Bruce, and Edward I
Analyzes the political, social, and military aspects of the conflict
Provides in-depth coverage of famous battles such as Stirling Bridge and Bannockburn
Includes maps, illustrations, and primary source materials to enhance understanding

04/08/2022

250

S4/S5

History

The Great Cause and the Rise of Edward I

Key topics covered include:

The competing claims to the Scottish throne
Edward I's role as Lord Paramount of Scotland
The selection of John Balliol as King of Scots
The growing tensions between Scotland and England

Definition: The Great Cause refers to the legal proceedings held from 1291 to 1292 to determine the rightful successor to the Scottish throne.

The chapter also explores Edward I's motivations and his vision for a unified Britain under English rule. It analyzes how his actions during this period set the stage for the conflicts to come.

Example: The Norham Castle conference of 1291, where Edward I demanded recognition as Lord Paramount of Scotland, was a crucial moment in the lead-up to the wars.

Cover and Front Matter

Highlight: This textbook is officially endorsed by the SQA for the Higher History qualification, indicating its alignment with curriculum standards.

Definition: The Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) is the executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government responsible for accrediting educational awards.

Introduction to the Scottish Wars of Independence

Key topics covered include:

The historical context leading up to the wars
Major figures involved, such as William Wallace and Robert the Bruce
Key battles and their significance
The political and social impact of the conflict on Scotland

Vocabulary: The Scottish Wars of Independence refers to the conflicts between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries, primarily focused on Scotland's struggle to maintain its independence from English rule.

The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding this period in Scottish history and its lasting impact on national identity and Anglo-Scottish relations.

Example: The Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 is often considered the most famous battle of the Scottish Wars of Independence, where Robert the Bruce led Scottish forces to a decisive victory over the English army of Edward II.

Historical Background

Key points discussed include:

The reign of Alexander III and its impact on Scottish prosperity
The Maid of Norway and her role in the succession
The involvement of Edward I of England in Scottish affairs
The emergence of competing claimants to the Scottish throne

Highlight: The death of Alexander III in 1286 without a clear heir led to a succession crisis that ultimately paved the way for English intervention in Scottish affairs.

Quote: "The death of Alexander III was a pivotal moment in Scottish history, marking the end of a golden age and the beginning of a tumultuous period that would reshape the nation."

The Outbreak of War

Key points discussed include:

The Franco-Scottish alliance and its implications
John Balliol's resistance to Edward I's demands
The sack of Berwick and the Battle of Dunbar
The deposition of John Balliol and the imposition of English rule

Highlight: The sack of Berwick in 1296 by Edward I's forces was a particularly brutal event that marked the beginning of open warfare between Scotland and England.

The chapter also explores the initial Scottish resistance to English occupation and the emergence of key figures who would play crucial roles in the coming conflict.

Quote: "The invasion of 1296 marked the beginning of what would become known as the Scottish Wars of Independence, a struggle that would define Scotland's national identity for centuries to come."

William Wallace and the First War of Independence

Key topics covered include:

Wallace's early life and the reasons for his rebellion
The Battle of Stirling Bridge and its significance
Wallace's invasion of northern England
The Battle of Falkirk and its aftermath
Wallace's capture and execution

Vocabulary: Guardian of Scotland was a title given to those who ruled Scotland during the absence of a rightful monarch. William Wallace held this title from 1297 to 1298.

The chapter also explores the broader context of Scottish resistance during this period, including the roles played by other Scottish nobles and the challenges faced by the resistance movement.

Example: The Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297 is considered one of Wallace's greatest victories, where a smaller Scottish force defeated a larger English army through tactical brilliance.

Robert the Bruce and the Second War of Independence

Key points discussed include:

Bruce's background and his claim to the Scottish throne
The murder of John Comyn and Bruce's coronation
Bruce's early defeats and his period in hiding
The gradual reconquest of Scotland
The Battle of Bannockburn and its significance

Highlight: The Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 is often considered the most decisive victory in the Scottish Wars of Independence, cementing Robert the Bruce's position as King of Scots.

The chapter also explores the political and military strategies employed by Bruce, as well as the challenges he faced in gaining support from the Scottish nobility and people.

Quote: "Robert the Bruce's perseverance in the face of early setbacks and his eventual triumph at Bannockburn have made him an enduring symbol of Scottish independence and resilience."

The Aftermath of Bannockburn

Key topics covered include:

The impact of Bannockburn on Scottish morale and unity
The Declaration of Arbroath and its significance
Scottish raids into northern England
The reign of Edward II and his deposition
The Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton and its terms

Definition: The Declaration of Arbroath (1320) was a diplomatic letter to Pope John XXII that asserted Scotland's status as an independent sovereign state.

The chapter also discusses the broader European context of the conflict, including Scotland's renewed alliance with France and the papacy's role in mediating between Scotland and England.

Example: The Scottish invasion of Ireland in 1315-1318, led by Edward Bruce, was an attempt to open a second front against England and demonstrates the increased confidence of the Scots following Bannockburn.

Legacy and Historical Significance

Key points discussed include:

The long-term political consequences for Scotland and England
The impact on Scottish culture and national consciousness
The role of the wars in shaping Anglo-Scottish relations
The portrayal of the wars in literature, art, and popular culture
Modern interpretations and debates surrounding this period

Highlight: The Scottish Wars of Independence played a crucial role in forging a distinct Scottish national identity that persists to this day.

The chapter also considers how the wars have been remembered and commemorated over the centuries, and their continuing relevance in modern Scottish politics and society.

Quote: "The Scottish Wars of Independence remain a pivotal moment in Scottish history, shaping not only the nation's past but also its present and future."

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the #1 education app in five European countries

Knowunity has been named a featured story on Apple and has regularly topped the app store charts in the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

4.9+

Average app rating

13 M

Pupils love Knowunity

#1

In education app charts in 12 countries

950 K+

Students have uploaded notes

Still not convinced? See what other students are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much, I also use it daily. I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a D to an A with it :D

Philip, iOS User

The app is very simple and well designed. So far I have always found everything I was looking for :D

Lena, iOS user