Atomic Structure and Isotopes
This page covers fundamental concepts of atomic structure and introduces isotopes. It provides key definitions and explanations crucial for understanding the basics of chemistry.
Definition: An atom is the smallest part of an element, with no overall charge as the number of protons equals the number of electrons.
The structure of an atom is detailed, including the nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons orbiting around it. The page also introduces the concept of isotopes.
Definition: Isotopes are atoms of the same element (same number of protons) but with different numbers of neutrons.
An example of isotopes is provided using hydrogen:
Example: The three isotopes of hydrogen are Protium (1H), Deuterium (2H), and Tritium (3H).
The page also covers elements and compounds:
Definition: Elements are substances made of one type of atom, while compounds are formed by two or more elements chemically combined.
Important atomic properties are explained:
Highlight: The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom, while the mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons.
The relative charges and masses of subatomic particles are presented in a table format, emphasizing the much smaller mass of electrons compared to protons and neutrons.
