Page 1: Energy Processes in Living Systems

This page details the fundamental processes of energy utilization and transformation in biological systems, focusing on glucose metabolism, photosynthesis, and respiration. The content explores how organisms generate and use energy through various biochemical pathways.

Definition: Photosynthesis is a process used by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy, represented by the equation 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Highlight: The five primary uses of glucose in plants are:

1. Respiration for energy production
2. Cellulose synthesis for cell walls
3. Amino acid production
4. Storage as oils or fats
5. Storage as starch

Vocabulary:

• Aerobic: Processes requiring oxygen
• Anaerobic: Processes occurring without oxygen
• Fermentation: Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells
• Exothermic: Reactions that release energy
• Endothermic: Reactions that absorb energy

Example: The anaerobic respiration equation shows glucose being converted to lactic acid plus energy, while aerobic respiration converts glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

Quote: "Energy is needed for movement (by muscular contraction), to keep warm, and building larger molecules out of smaller ones by chemical reactions."